Division 24: Manufacture of basic metals

Section C, Manufacturing. 27 subcategories with ISTAT's explanatory notes and the ATECO 2022 codes they come from.

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  1. 24Manufacture of basic metals

    This division includes the activities of smelting and/or refining ferrous and non-ferrous metals from ore, pig, metal waste or scrap, using electro metallurgic and other metallurgical process techniques.

    This division also includes the manufacture of metal alloys and super-alloys by introducing other chemical elements to pure metals. The output of smelting and refining, usually in ingot form, is used in rolling, drawing and extruding operations to make products, for example, plate, sheet, strip, bars, rods, wire or tubes, pipes and hollow profiles, and other basic metal products, and in molten form to make castings.

  2. 24.1Manufacture of basic iron and steel and of ferro-alloys
  3. 24.10Manufacture of basic iron and steel and of ferro-alloys
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This class includes activities such as direct reduction of iron ore, production of pig iron in molten or solid form, conversion of pig iron into steel, manufacture of ferro-alloys and manufacture of steel products.

    Excludes

    • cold drawing of bars, see 24.3124.31
  4. 24.10.0Manufacture of basic iron and steel and of ferro-alloys
  5. 24.10.00Manufacture of basic iron and steel and of ferro-alloys
    From ATECO 2022: 24.10.00 Siderurgia - Fabbricazione di ferro, acciaio e ferroleghe (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • operation of blast furnaces, steel converters, rolling and finishing mills
    • production of pig iron and spiegeleisen in pigs, blocks or other primary forms
    • production of ferro-alloys
    • production of ferrous products by direct reduction of iron and other spongy ferrous products
    • production of iron of exceptional purity by electrolysis or other chemical processes
    • remelting of scrap ingots of iron or steel
    • production of granular iron and iron powder
    • production of iron and steel in ingots or other primary forms
    • production of semi-finished products of iron or steel
    • manufacture of hot-rolled and cold-rolled flat-rolled products of iron or steel
    • manufacture of hot-rolled bars and rods of iron or steel
    • manufacture of hot-rolled open sections of iron or steel
    • manufacture of sheet piling of steel and welded open sections of iron or steel
    • manufacture of railway track materials (unassembled rails) of iron or steel
    • production of blast furnace gas

    Also includes

    • manufacture of coated or uncoated flat-rolled steel products in coils or in straight lengths of a width of 600 mm or more by cold re-rolling of hot-rolled flat products or of steel rods
  6. 24.2Manufacture of tubes, pipes, hollow profiles and related fittings, of steel
  7. 24.20Manufacture of tubes, pipes, hollow profiles and related fittings, of steel
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Excludes

    • manufacture of seamless tubes and pipes of steel by centrifugally casting, see 24.5224.52
  8. 24.20.1Manufacture of seamless tubes, pipes, hollow profiles and related fittings, of steel
  9. 24.20.10Manufacture of seamless tubes, pipes, hollow profiles and related fittings, of steel
    From ATECO 2022: 24.20.10 Fabbricazione di tubi e condotti senza saldatura (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of seamless tubes and pipes of circular or non-circular cross section and of blanks of circular cross section, for further processing, by hot rolling, hot extrusion or by other hot processes of an intermediate product, which can be a bar or a billet obtained by hot rolling or continuous casting
    • manufacture of precision and non-precision seamless tubes and pipes from hot-rolled or hot-extruded blanks by further processing, by cold drawing or cold rolling of tubes and pipes of circular cross section and by cold drawing only for tubes and pipes of non-circular cross section and hollow profiles
  10. 24.20.2Manufacture of welded tubes, pipes, hollow profiles and related fittings, of steel
  11. 24.20.20Manufacture of welded tubes, pipes, hollow profiles and related fittings, of steel
    From ATECO 2022: 24.20.20 Fabbricazione di tubi e condotti saldati e simili (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of welded tubes and pipes of an external diameter exceeding 406,4 mm, cold formed from hot-rolled flat products and longitudinally or spirally welded
    • manufacture of welded tubes and pipes of an external diameter of 406,4 mm or less of circular cross section by continuous cold or hot forming of hot- or cold-rolled flat products and longitudinally or spirally welded and of non-circular cross section by hot or cold forming into shape from hot- or cold- rolled strip longitudinally welded
    • manufacture of welded precision tubes and pipes of an external diameter of 406,4 mm or less by hot or cold forming of hot or cold rolled strip and longitudinally welded delivered as welded or further processed, by cold drawing or cold rolling or cold formed into shape for tube and pipe of non-circular cross section
    • manufacture of flat flanges and flanges with forged collars by processing of hot-rolled flat products of steel
    • manufacture of butt-welding fittings (e.g. elbows and reductions), by forging of hot-rolled seamless tubes of steel
    • threaded and other tube or pipe fittings of steel
  12. 24.3Manufacture of other products of first processing of steel
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This group includes manufacturing other products by cold processing of steel.

  13. 24.31Cold drawing of bars
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Excludes

    • cold drawing of wire, see 24.3424.34
  14. 24.31.0Cold drawing of bars
  15. 24.31.00Cold drawing of bars
    From ATECO 2022: 24.31.00 Stiratura a freddo di barre (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of steel bars, rods, and solid sections of steel by cold drawing, grinding or cold-finishing
  16. 24.32Cold rolling of narrow strip
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Excludes

    • manufacture of coated or uncoated flat-rolled steel products in coils or in straight lengths of a width of 600 mm or more by cold re-rolling of hot-rolled flat products or of steel rods, see 24.1024.10
  17. 24.32.0Cold rolling of narrow strip
  18. 24.32.00Cold rolling of narrow strip
    From ATECO 2022: 24.32.00 Laminazione a freddo di nastri (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of coated or uncoated flat rolled steel products in coils or in straight lengths of a width less than 600 mm by cold re-rolling of hot-rolled flat products or of steel rods
  19. 24.33Cold forming or folding
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Excludes

    • reinforcement steel bending activities, at the construction site, see 43.9943.99
    • repairing/restoring of reinforced concrete structures, e.g. beams, columns, see 43.9943.99
  20. 24.33.0Cold forming or folding
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Implementation rule

    • Activities of cold forming or folding are subdivided in manufacture of open sections and ribbed sheets, manufacture of sandwich panels and pre-shaping of reinforcing steel and similar activities.
  21. 24.33.01Manufacture of open sections and ribbed sheets
    From ATECO 2022: 24.33.02 Profilatura mediante formatura o piegatura a freddo (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of open sections by progressive cold forming on a roll mill or folding on a press of flat rolled products of steel
    • manufacture of cold-formed or cold-folded ribbed sheets
  22. 24.33.02Manufacture of sandwich panels
    From ATECO 2022: 24.33.01 Fabbricazione di pannelli stratificati in acciaio (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of cold-formed or cold-folded sandwich panels
  23. 24.33.03Pre-shaping of reinforcing steel and similar activities
    From ATECO 2022: 24.33.03 Presagomatura dell'acciaio per cemento armato (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • reinforcement steel bending activities, not at the construction site
    • reinforcement steel bending activities of concrete structures
    • steel pre-shaping, shaping and straightening for reinforced concrete structure
    • steel cutting for reinforced concrete structure

    Excludes

    • reinforcement steel bending activities, at the construction site, see 43.99.0943.99.09
    • repairing/restoring of reinforced concrete structures, e.g. beams, columns, see 43.99.0943.99.09
  24. 24.34Cold drawing of wire
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Excludes

    • drawing of bars and solid sections of steel, see 24.3124.31
    • manufacture of derived wire products, see 25.9325.93
  25. 24.34.0Cold drawing of wire
  26. 24.34.00Cold drawing of wire
    From ATECO 2022: 24.34.00 Trafilatura a freddo (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of drawn steel wire, by cold drawing of steel wire rod
  27. 24.4Manufacture of basic precious and other non-ferrous metals
  28. 24.41Precious metals production
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Excludes

    • casting of copper, zinc and other non-ferrous metals, see 24.5424.54
    • manufacture of precious metal jewellery, see 32.1232.12
  29. 24.41.0Precious metals production
  30. 24.41.00Precious metals production
    From ATECO 2022: 24.41.00 Produzione di metalli preziosi e semilavorati (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • production of basic precious metals:
      • production and refining of unwrought or wrought precious metals: gold, silver, platinum, etc., from ore and scrap
    • production of precious metal alloys
    • production of precious metal in semi-manufactured or in powder forms
    • cladding of base metals with a covering of silver, gold or platinum, affixed by soldering, brazing, welding, hot-rolling or similar mechanical means

    Also includes

    • manufacture of wire of precious metals by drawing
    • manufacture of precious metal plates, sheets, strips and foil laminates
    • silver recovery from waste and scrap by electrolytic refining
    • melting and casting of precious metal into ingots, blocks or similar forms
  31. 24.42Aluminium production
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Excludes

    • casting of aluminium and other light metals, see 24.5324.53
    • shredding of aluminium waste and scrap, see 38.2138.21
  32. 24.42.0Aluminium production
  33. 24.42.00Aluminium production
    From ATECO 2022: 24.42.00 Produzione di alluminio e semilavorati (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • production of unwrought aluminium, alloyed or not alloyed, from alumina or from aluminium waste and scrap
    • manufacture of aluminium bars, rods, profiles and wire
    • manufacture of aluminium tubes, pipes, tube and pipe fittings
    • manufacture of aluminium plates, sheets and strip, whether or not painted, varnished or coated with plastics
    • manufacture of aluminium foil, whether or not printed or backed with paper, paperboard, plastics or similar backing materials

    Also includes

    • production of aluminium oxide (alumina)
  34. 24.43Lead, zinc and tin production
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Excludes

    • casting of lead, zinc or tin, see 24.5424.54
    • shredding of lead, zinc or tin waste and scrap, see 38.2138.21
  35. 24.43.0Lead, zinc and tin production
  36. 24.43.00Lead, zinc and tin production
    From ATECO 2022: 24.43.00 Produzione di piombo, zinco e stagno e semilavorati (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • production of unwrought lead, zinc and tin, alloyed or not alloyed, from ores or from lead, zinc or tin waste and scrap
    • manufacture of bars, rods, profiles, wire, plates, sheets, strip and foil of lead, zinc or tin

    Also includes

    • manufacture of zinc powder by atomisation of molten zinc
  37. 24.44Copper production
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Excludes

    • casting of copper, see 24.5424.54
    • shredding of copper waste and scrap, see 38.2138.21
  38. 24.44.0Copper production
  39. 24.44.00Copper production
    From ATECO 2022: 24.44.00 Produzione di rame e semilavorati (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of unrefined or refined unwrought copper, alloyed or not alloyed, from ores or from copper waste and scrap
    • manufacture of bars, rods, profiles, plates, sheets and strip of copper and copper alloys
    • manufacture of wire of copper and copper alloys
    • manufacture of tubes, pipes, tube and pipe fittings of copper and copper alloys
    • manufacture of copper foil, whether or not printed or backed with paper, paperboard, plastics or similar backing materials

    Also includes

    • manufacture of bars, rods, profiles, plates, sheets, strip, wire, tubes and pipes of brass
  40. 24.45Other non-ferrous metal production
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Excludes

    • casting of non-ferrous metals, see 24.53, 24.5424.5324.54
    • shredding of non-ferrous metal waste and scrap, see 38.2138.21
  41. 24.45.0Other non-ferrous metal production
  42. 24.45.00Other non-ferrous metal production
    From ATECO 2022: 24.45.00 Produzione di altri metalli non ferrosi e semilavorati (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • production of unwrought chrome, manganese, nickel, etc., alloyed or not alloyed, from ores or oxides or from electrolytic and aluminothermic refining of chrome, manganese, nickel, etc., waste and scrap
    • manufacture of bars, rods, profiles and wire of chrome, manganese, nickel, etc.
    • manufacture of plates, sheets, strip and foil of chrome, manganese, nickel, etc.
    • production of mattes of nickel
    • production of other non-ferrous metals
  43. 24.46Processing of nuclear fuel
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Excludes

    • enrichment of uranium and thorium ores, see 20.1320.13
  44. 24.46.0Processing of nuclear fuel
  45. 24.46.00Processing of nuclear fuel
    From ATECO 2022: 24.46.00 Trattamento dei combustibili nucleari (escluso l'arricchimento di uranio e torio) (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • production of natural uranium metal and its compounds from pitchblende or other ores
    • manufacture of alloys of natural uranium, dispersions (including cermets), ceramic products and mixtures containing natural uranium or natural uranium compounds
    • smelting and refining of natural uranium
  46. 24.5Casting of metals
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This group includes activities of foundries employing different casting processes to produce castings with all ferrous and non-ferrous metal alloys. Subsequent trimming or descaling of the castings might be included, but without any further processing.

    This group includes the manufacture of castings used in various industries.

    Excludes

    • manufacture of products obtained by production processes other than from castings (e.g. as forged, pressed, drawn and stamped parts, rolled rings or powder metallurgy products), see division 2525
    • manufacture of finished products by further processing of castings, e.g.:
      • boilers and radiators, see 25.21
      • cast household items, anchors, ships' propellers and bells, see 25.99
  47. 24.51Casting of iron
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This class includes activities of iron foundries.

  48. 24.51.0Casting of iron
  49. 24.51.01Casting of grey iron
    From ATECO 2022: 24.51.00 Fusione di ghisa e produzione di tubi e raccordi in ghisa (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of castings made of grey iron castings
  50. 24.51.02Casting of ductile iron
    From ATECO 2022: 24.51.00 Fusione di ghisa e produzione di tubi e raccordi in ghisa (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of castings made of ductile iron castings (including casting of spheroidal graphite iron castings and malleable iron castings)
  51. 24.51.09Casting of iron n.e.c.
    From ATECO 2022: 24.51.00 Fusione di ghisa e produzione di tubi e raccordi in ghisa (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of castings made of other special iron alloys castings, e.g.:
      • austempered iron castings
      • wear and abrasion resistant iron castings
  52. 24.52Casting of steel
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This class includes casting of steel with investment casting technique and other techniques.

  53. 24.52.0Casting of steel
  54. 24.52.00Casting of steel
    From ATECO 2022: 24.52.00 Fusione di acciaio (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of castings made of alloy or common steel castings, e.g.:
      • corrosion resistant alloy steel castings
      • refractory alloy steel castings
      • wear resistant alloy steel castings
      • low alloy steel castings
    • manufacture of castings made of carbon or commercial steel castings
    • manufacture of castings made of alloy and high alloy castings, e.g.:
      • nickel-based alloyed steel castings
    • manufacture of castings made of stainless-steel castings
    • manufacture of seamless tubes and pipes of steel by centrifugally casting
  55. 24.53Casting of light metals
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This class includes casting of light metals with pressure diecasting technique, investment casting technique and other techniques.

    This class includes activities of foundries of light metal castings, e.g. aluminium, magnesium, titanium etc.

    This class also includes casting of dental implements, etc. of other light metals.

    Excludes

    • casting of metals not considered light metals, see 24.51, 24.52, 24.5424.5124.5224.54
  56. 24.53.0Casting of light metals
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Implementation rule

    • The activities of casting of light metals is subdivided in casting of aluminium, casting of magnesium, casting of cobalt and casting of light metals n.e.c.
  57. 24.53.01Casting of aluminium
    From ATECO 2022: 24.53.00 Fusione di metalli leggeri (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of castings made of aluminium
  58. 24.53.02Casting of magnesium
    From ATECO 2022: 24.53.00 Fusione di metalli leggeri (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of castings made of magnesium
  59. 24.53.03Casting of cobalt
    From ATECO 2022: 24.53.00 Fusione di metalli leggeri (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • cobalt-based superalloys castings
  60. 24.53.09Casting of light metals n.e.c.
    From ATECO 2022: 24.53.00 Fusione di metalli leggeri (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of castings made of titanium
  61. 24.54Casting of other non-ferrous metals
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This class includes casting of other non-ferrous metals with pressure diecasting technique, investment casting technique and other techniques.

    This class includes activities of foundries of other non-ferrous metals.

    This class also includes casting of dental implements, etc. of other non-ferrous metals.

  62. 24.54.0Casting of other non-ferrous metals
  63. 24.54.01Casting of copper
    From ATECO 2022: 24.54.00 Fusione di altri metalli non ferrosi (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of castings made of copper alloys
  64. 24.54.02Casting of zinc
    From ATECO 2022: 24.53.00 Fusione di metalli leggeri (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of castings made of zinc alloys
  65. 24.54.03Casting of nickel
    From ATECO 2022: 24.54.00 Fusione di altri metalli non ferrosi (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of castings made of nickel alloys
    • casting of nickel-chromium based superalloys
  66. 24.54.09Casting of other non-ferrous metals n.e.c.
    From ATECO 2022: 24.54.00 Fusione di altri metalli non ferrosi (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • manufacture of castings made of lead alloys
    • manufacture of castings made of other non-ferrous metals alloys

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