Division 85: Education

Section Q, Education. 25 subcategories with ISTAT's explanatory notes and the ATECO 2022 codes they come from.

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  1. 85Education
  2. 85.1Pre-primary education
  3. 85.10Pre-primary education
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This class includes pre-primary education which is defined as the initial stage of organised instruction designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment, that is, to provide a bridge between the home and a school-based environment.

    Excludes

    • child day-care activities, see 88.9188.91
  4. 85.10.0Pre-primary education
  5. 85.10.00Pre-primary education
    From ATECO 2022: 85.10.00 Istruzione di grado preparatorio: scuole dell'infanzia, scuole speciali collegate a quelle primarie (in part) · 88.91.00 Servizi di asili nido; assistenza diurna per minori disabili (in part)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • pre-primary education

    Excludes

    • activities of day nurseries for pupils, see 88.91.0088.91.00
  6. 85.2Primary education
  7. 85.20Primary education
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This class includes primary education: the furnishing of academic courses and associated coursework that give students a sound basic education in reading, writing and mathematics and an elementary understanding of other subjects (for example, history, geography, natural science, social science, art and music).

    This class also includes the provision of education programmes within or outside the school system which are equivalent in content to programmes in primary education but are intended for those considered too old to enter primary schools. Examples of such programmes are adult literacy programmes, second chance or reintegration programmes.

    Excludes

    • non-formal education and training regardless the age or field of education, see 85.585.5
    • child day-care activities, including day nurseries for pupils, see 88.9188.91
  8. 85.20.0Primary education
  9. 85.20.00Primary education
    From ATECO 2022: 85.20.00 Istruzione primaria: scuole elementari (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • education provided by elementary schools
  10. 85.3Secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This group includes the provision of general secondary and technical and vocational secondary education.

    This group also includes the provision of education programmes within or outside the school system which are equivalent in content to programmes in secondary education but are intended for those considered too old to enter secondary schools. Examples of such programmes are adult literacy programmes, second chance or reintegration programmes.

    This group includes also the provision of post-secondary education, general and vocational, which cannot be considered tertiary education.

    Excludes

    • non-formal education and training, see 85.585.5
  11. 85.31General secondary education
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This class includes the provision of education that lays the foundation for lifelong learning and human development and is capable of furthering education opportunities. Activities classified in this class are based on programmes that are usually on a more subject-oriented curriculum using more specialised teachers and more often employing several teachers conducting classes in their field of specialisation.

    Subject specialisation at this level often begins to have some influence even on the educational experience of those pursuing a general programme. Such programmes are designed to qualify students either for technical and vocational education or for entrance to higher education without any special subject prerequisite.

    More specifically, this class includes: lower general secondary education corresponding more or less to compulsory school age (ATECO 85.31.1) and upper general secondary education, whether granting access or not to higher education (ATECO 85.31.2).

    Excludes

    • non-formal education and training, see 85.585.5
  12. 85.31.1Lower general secondary education
  13. 85.31.10Lower general secondary education
    From ATECO 2022: 85.31.10 Istruzione secondaria di primo grado: scuole medie (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • lower general secondary education corresponding more or less to compulsory school age

    Also includes

    • lower secondary education for adults
    • second chance or re-integration lower secondary education programmes
  14. 85.31.2Upper general secondary education
  15. 85.31.20Upper general secondary education
    From ATECO 2022: 85.31.20 Istruzione secondaria di secondo grado di formazione generale: licei (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • upper general secondary education provided by e.g.:
      • classical liceo
      • scientific liceo
      • linguistic liceo
      • human sciences liceo
      • music/dance liceo
      • artistic liceo
  16. 85.32Vocational secondary education
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This class includes the provision of education typically emphasising subject-matter specialisation and instruction in both a theoretical background and practical skills that are generally associated with present or prospective employment. The aim of a programme can vary from preparation for a general field of employment to a very specific job.

    This class includes technical and vocational education below the level of post-secondary non-tertiary education as defined in 85.33.

    This class also includes programmes corresponding to the definition of formal education and training.

    Also IeFP (Istruzione e Formazione Professionale) programmes are included.

    Excludes

    • technical and vocational post-secondary non-tertiary education, see 85.3385.33
    • technical and vocational higher education, see 85.4085.40
    • non-formal vocational education and training, e.g.:
      • non-formal training courses, provided in support of or as an alternative to formal education, of a non-continuous nature, of short duration and/or low intensity, as defined in ISCED-P 2011, see 85.5
    • performing arts instruction for recreation, hobby and self-development purposes, see 85.5285.52
    • education activities of driving schools not intended for occupational drivers, see 85.5385.53
    • job training forming part of social work activities without accommodation, see 88.10, 88.9988.1088.99
  17. 85.32.0Vocational secondary education
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Implementation rule

    • The activities included in this category are subdivided in vocational secondary education provided by sailing and shipping schools, vocational secondary education provided by flying schools, vocational secondary education provided by driving schools and other vocational secondary education n.e.c.
  18. 85.32.01Vocational secondary education provided by sailing and shipping schools
    From ATECO 2022: 85.32.01 Scuole di vela e navigazione che rilasciano brevetti o patenti commerciali (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Also includes

    • education activities of sailing and shipping schools issuing commercial certificates and permits
  19. 85.32.02Vocational secondary education provided by flying schools
    From ATECO 2022: 85.32.02 Scuole di volo che rilasciano brevetti o patenti commerciali (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Also includes

    • education activities of schools for professional pilots (including instruction for drone pilots)
    • education activities of flying schools issuing commercial certificates and permits
  20. 85.32.03Vocational secondary education provided by driving schools
    From ATECO 2022: 85.32.03 Scuole di guida professionale per autisti, ad esempio di autocarri, di autobus e di pullman (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Also includes

    • education activities of driving schools for occupational drivers (e.g. of trucks, buses, coaches)
    • education activities of schools for forklift drivers
  21. 85.32.09Other vocational secondary education n.e.c.
    From ATECO 2022: 85.32.09 Altra istruzione secondaria di secondo grado di formazione tecnica, professionale e artistica (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • three-year courses of education and vocational training and fourth year courses of education and vocational training
    • upper secondary vocational education courses for adults
    • apprenticeship leading to an upper secondary vocational qualification or diploma
    • instruction for tourist guides
    • instruction for chefs, hoteliers and restaurateurs
    • cosmetology and hairdresser/barber schools
    • computer repair training

    Also includes

    • education and training provided by military schools and police forces that can be accessed without necessarily holding a higher education degree
    • regional post-compulsory vocational training lasting 1-3 years
    • regional vocational training for disadvantaged people
  22. 85.33Post-secondary non-tertiary education
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This class includes the provision of post-secondary education and training programmes (both general and vocational) which cannot be considered tertiary education. These are post-secondary non-tertiary education and training programmes.

    It may also include the provision of supplementary post-secondary education to prepare for tertiary education or for post-secondary non-tertiary vocational education.

    Excludes

    • regional post-compulsory vocational training lasting 1-3 years, see 85.3285.32
    • technical and vocational higher education, see 85.4085.40
    • higher level technical education, see 85.4085.40
    • non-formal education and training, see 85.585.5
  23. 85.33.0Post-secondary non-tertiary education
  24. 85.33.00Post-secondary non-tertiary education
    From ATECO 2022: 85.41.00 Istruzione e formazione tecnica superiore (IFTS) (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • regional vocational training after the attainment of an ISCED-P 2011 level 3 qualification or diploma
    • education and training provided by Istruzione e Formazione Tecnica Superiore (IFTS)

    Excludes

    • regional post-compulsory vocational training lasting 1-3 years, see 85.32.0985.32.09
    • higher level technical education, see 85.40.1085.40.10
  25. 85.4Tertiary education
  26. 85.40Tertiary education
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This class includes the education programs provided in ISCED-P 2011 levels 5, 6, 7 and 8.

    This class includes the furnishing of tertiary academic, professional and vocational courses and the granting of degrees at short-cycle bachelor's or equivalent level, master's or equivalent level, and doctoral level.

    More specifically, this class includes: short-cycle tertiary education, bachelor's and master's or equivalent levels, and doctoral or equivalent level.

    Education may be conducted as full-time or part-time studies.

    This class includes education in public and private universities.

    Excludes

    • non-formal education and training, see 85.585.5
  27. 85.40.1Short-cycle tertiary education
  28. 85.40.10Short-cycle tertiary education
    From ATECO 2022: 85.42.00 Istruzione universitaria e post-universitaria; accademie e conservatori (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • short-cycle studies, usually based on practical learning appropriate to the performance of a given profession and preparing students for entry into the labour market or other higher education programmes

    Also includes

    • short-cycle vocational education and training programmes at ISCED-P 2011 level 5
    • higher level technical education
  29. 85.40.2Other tertiary education
  30. 85.40.20Other tertiary education
    From ATECO 2022: 85.42.00 Istruzione universitaria e post-universitaria; accademie e conservatori (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • education and training courses based on programmes at ISCED-P 2011 levels 6, 7 and 8
    • first-cycle studies open to applicants with a secondary school leaving certificate and leading to a first-degree qualification
    • second-cycle studies open to applicants holding at least a first-cycle qualification and leading to a second-cycle qualification
    • comprehensive master's degree courses open to applicants holding a secondary school leaving certificate and leading to a second-cycle qualification
    • postgraduate studies open to applicants who have completed at least first-cycle studies and leading to a postgraduate qualification
    • third-cycle studies (training for doctoral students) open to applicants holding at least second-cycle studies and leading to a third-cycle qualification

    Also includes

    • higher vocational and professional education and training programmes at ISCED-P 2011 level 6 and ISCED-P 2011 level 7, for example:
      • programmes leading to master craftsmen qualifications
      • programmes leading to language mediator qualifications
    • education activities of performing arts schools providing tertiary education
    • adult or continuing education programmes equivalent in complexity of content to the education given in education activities already classified at this level
    • master courses at ISCED-P 2011 level 6, 7 and 8
    • other courses at ISCED-P 2011 level 6, 7 and 8
  31. 85.5Other education
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This group includes education (including non-formal) which is neither part of initial education in the regular school system, nor equivalent in programme content and qualifications to those programmes. It includes training for any professional, hobby or self-development purposes for both children and adults, including non-formal continuing vocational education and training.

    Non-formal education is defined by ISCED-P 2011 as institutionalised, intentional and planned by an education provider as an addition, alternative and/or complement to formal education within the process of an individual's lifelong learning. It targets people of all ages but does not necessarily apply a continuous pathway/structure; it may be short in duration and/or low-intensity, and it is typically provided in the form of short courses, workshops or seminars.

    This group includes the provision of athletic instruction to groups or individuals, foreign language instruction, instruction in the arts, drama or music, as well as other instruction or specialised training, provided by camps and schools, not comparable to the education in groups 85.1, 85.2, 85.3, 85.4.

    This group also includes education activities run by self-employed, own-account, individual or independent lecturers (tutors, academics, instructors).

    Excludes

    • formal educational activities as outlined in groups 85.1, 85.2, 85.3 and 85.4, in other words, pre-primary education, primary education, secondary education, post-secondary non-tertiary education or tertiary education, see 85.1, 85.2, 85.3, 85.485.185.285.385.4
  32. 85.51Sports and recreation education
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This class includes the provision of instruction in athletic activities to groups or individuals (for example, by camps, schools). Activities provided by day and overnight sports instruction camps are also included.

    Instruction may be provided in diverse settings (for example, the unit's or client's training facilities, educational institutions) or by other means, including the internet. Instruction provided in this class offers structured educational arrangements (for example, student-teacher relationships) that are specially designed for education and learning). However, it does not lead to qualifications at primary through to tertiary levels.

    Excludes

    • activities provided by academic schools, colleges and universities, see 85.4085.40
    • cultural education, see 85.5285.52
    • sports training by sports clubs, see 93.1293.12
    • fitness instruction provided by fitness centres, yoga studios and similar facilities, see 93.1393.13
  33. 85.51.0Sports and recreation education
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Implementation rule

    • The activities included in this category are subdivided in pilates instruction by individual teachers and trainers and sports and recreation education n.e.c.
  34. 85.51.01Pilates instruction by individual teachers and trainers
    From ATECO 2022: 85.51.00 Corsi sportivi e ricreativi (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • pilates instruction
  35. 85.51.09Sports and recreation education n.e.c.
    From ATECO 2022: 85.51.00 Corsi sportivi e ricreativi (in part) · 85.59.10 Università popolare (in part)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • sports instruction in camps or schools
    • activities of personal trainers
    • gymnastics instruction
    • riding instruction
    • swimming instruction
    • ski instruction
    • martial arts instruction
    • card game instruction (e.g. bridge)
    • board game courses
    • yoga instruction
    • e-sports instruction

    Also includes

    • non-formal adult sports and recreation education provided e.g. by the so-called università popolari
    • activities of professional sports instructors, teachers, coaches
  36. 85.52Cultural education
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This class includes provision of instruction in the arts, drama and music (for example, by schools, studios, classes). Structured educational arrangements specially designed for education and learning (for example, student-teacher relationships and/or interactions), are provided. Such instruction is mainly for hobby, recreational or self-development purposes, and does not lead to qualifications at primary through to tertiary levels.

    Excludes

    • education activities of drama, fine arts, performing arts and photography schools which lead to qualifications at secondary, post-secondary non-tertiary or tertiary levels, see 85.3, 85.4085.385.40
    • foreign language instruction, see 85.5985.59
    • mediation activities, see 88.9988.99
  37. 85.52.0Cultural education
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Implementation rule

    • The activities included in this category are subdivided in dance instruction, cultural heritage education and other cultural education.
  38. 85.52.01Dance instruction
    From ATECO 2022: 85.52.01 Corsi di danza (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • dance instruction

    Also includes

    • activities of professional dance instructors and teachers
  39. 85.52.02Cultural heritage education
    From ATECO 2022: 85.52.09 Altra formazione culturale (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • development of educational programmes for different target groups, within museums and other venues, e.g. archaeological sites, archives and libraries
  40. 85.52.09Other cultural education
    From ATECO 2022: 85.52.09 Altra formazione culturale (in part) · 85.59.10 Università popolare (in part)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • music instruction
    • art instruction
    • drama, fine arts, performing arts and photography instruction

    Also includes

    • non-formal adult cultural education provided e.g. by the so-called università popolari
    • activities of professional arts instructors and teachers
  41. 85.53Driving school activities
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Excludes

    • education activities of driving or flying schools for occupational drivers and for professional pilots, see 85.3285.32
  42. 85.53.0Driving school activities
  43. 85.53.00Driving school activities
    From ATECO 2022: 85.53.00 Autoscuole, scuole di pilotaggio e nautiche (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • education activities of flying, sailing and shipping schools not issuing commercial certificates and permits
    • education activities of driving schools not intended for occupational drivers
  44. 85.59Other education n.e.c.
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This class includes education that is not definable by level.

    This class also includes activities of professional instructors and teachers in subjects other than sports, arts and driving.

    Excludes

    • formal adult literacy programmes, see 85.2085.20
    • general secondary education, see 85.3185.31
    • technical and vocational secondary education and training, see 85.3285.32
    • sports and recreation education, see 85.5185.51
    • yoga or pilates instruction, see 85.5185.51
    • cultural education, see 85.5285.52
    • traditional, complementary and alternative medicine activities, see 86.9686.96
    • body treatment techniques, e.g. shiatsu, Thai massage, watsu, tui na, qigong, see 86.9986.99
    • entertainment activities in retirement homes, see 93.2993.29
    • animal therapy activities, i.e. hippotherapy, see 86.9986.99
    • training of pet animals, see 96.9996.99
    • other personal service activities n.e.c., see 96.9996.99
  45. 85.59.1Foreign language instruction
  46. 85.59.10Foreign language instruction
    From ATECO 2022: 85.59.30 Scuole e corsi di lingua (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • language instruction and conversational skills instruction
  47. 85.59.2Computer training and professional examination review courses
  48. 85.59.20Computer training and professional examination review courses
    From ATECO 2022: 85.59.20 Corsi di formazione e corsi di aggiornamento professionale (in part) · 85.59.90 Altri servizi di istruzione n.c.a. (in part)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • computer training (e.g. general computer use, programming courses, use of computer applications)
    • professional examination review courses
    • security, including cyber security training
    • general or specialised training on occupational safety at workplace
    • fire-prevention and fire-fighting training
    • first aid and basic life support training

    Also includes

    • lifeguard training
  49. 85.59.3Other education n.e.c. provided by the so-called università popolari
  50. 85.59.30Other education n.e.c. provided by the so-called università popolari
    From ATECO 2022: 85.59.10 Università popolare (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • other non-formal adult education provided by the so-called università popolari, excluding sports, recreation and cultural education, foreign language instruction and computer training and professional examination review courses

    Excludes

    • non-formal adult sports and recreation education provided e.g. by the so-called università popolari, see 85.51.0985.51.09
    • non-formal adult cultural education provided e.g. by the so-called università popolari, see 85.52.0985.52.09
    • non-formal adult foreign language instruction provided e.g. by the so-called università popolari, see 85.59.1085.59.10
    • non-formal adult computer training and professional examination review courses provided e.g. by the so-called università popolari, see 85.59.2085.59.20
  51. 85.59.9Other various educational activities n.e.c.
  52. 85.59.91Courses of awareness through movement
    From ATECO 2022: 85.59.90 Altri servizi di istruzione n.c.a. (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • courses of awareness through movement
    • Feldenkrais courses
    • functional movement education courses, e.g. Eutony
    • other somatic disciplines, e.g. body-mind centering
    • training courses for teachers of somatic education disciplines
  53. 85.59.99All other various educational activities n.e.c.
    From ATECO 2022: 85.59.90 Altri servizi di istruzione n.c.a. (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • academic tutoring
    • other tutoring
    • remedial courses
    • sewing courses
    • relaxation courses:
      • meditation courses
      • breathing techniques
      • courses on stress and anxiety relief techniques
    • oenology courses
    • family life courses (e.g. parent-child courses)
    • training on plant protection products
    • organisation of non-formal educational activities in farms open to visitors
    • education courses on healthy lifestyles

    Also includes

    • survival training
    • public speaking training
    • speed-reading instruction
    • training on mycology
  54. 85.6Educational support activities
  55. 85.61Intermediation service activities for courses and tutors
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This class includes the intermediation of service activities for courses and tutors by bringing clients and service providers together for a fee or commission, without the intermediary providing the services intermediated.

    These intermediation activities can be carried out on digital platforms or through non-digital channels (including face-to-face, door-to-door, telephone, mail and so on).

    The fee or commission can be received from either the client or the provider of the service activities for courses and tutors. Revenue for the intermediation activities can include other sources of income (for example, revenues from the sale of advertising space).

  56. 85.61.0Intermediation service activities for courses and tutors
  57. 85.61.00Intermediation service activities for courses and tutors
    From ATECO 2022: 47.99.10 Commercio al dettaglio di prodotti vari, mediante l'intervento di un dimostratore o di un incaricato alla vendita (porta a porta) (in part) · 61.90.99 Altre attività connesse alle telecomunicazioni n.c.a. (in part) · 62.09.09 Altre attività dei servizi connessi alle tecnologie dell'informatica n.c.a. (in part) · 63.12.00 Portali web (in part) · 63.99.00 Altre attività dei servizi di informazione n.c.a. (in part) · 82.99.99 Altri servizi di sostegno alle imprese n.c.a. (in part)
  58. 85.69Educational support activities n.e.c.
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    This class includes the provision of educational guidance counselling activities and of other non-instructional activities that support educational processes or systems.

    Excludes

    • research and experimental development on social sciences and humanities, see 72.2072.20
  59. 85.69.0Educational support activities n.e.c.
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Implementation rule

    • The activities included in this category are subdivided in educational guidance counselling activities and other educational support activities n.e.c.
  60. 85.69.01Educational guidance counselling activities
    From ATECO 2022: 85.60.01 Consulenza scolastica e servizi di orientamento scolastico (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • provision of non-instructional activities that support educational processes or systems, e.g.:
      • educational consulting
      • vocational and career-related counselling activities
      • educational guidance counselling activities
      • educational testing evaluation activities
      • educational testing activities
      • development of curricula
      • expert and rehabilitation activities examining learning ability
    • educational support activities provided by pedagogues
  61. 85.69.09Other educational support activities n.e.c.
    From ATECO 2022: 85.60.09 Altre attività di supporto all'istruzione (all from here)
    ISTAT explanatory notes ›

    Includes

    • provision of other non-instructional activities that support educational processes or systems, e.g.:
      • organisation of student exchange programmes
      • examination and testing of regulated professions (e.g. pilots)

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